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Bergamot has been used in Italian folk medicine for many years, and is named after the city of Bergamo. Italians had traditionally used it to curb fever and worms, but its usage has expanded and is now applied for a variety of conditions and symptoms.

Analgesic, anthelmintic, antidepressant, antiseptic (pulmonary, genito-urinary), antispasmodic, antitoxic, carminative, digestive, diuretic, deodorant, febrifuge, laxative, parasiticide, rubefacient, stimulant, stomachic, tonic, vermifuge, vulnerary.

Bergamot essential oil appears light green to yellow and has a fresh and citrusy scent, much like other citrus fruit oils. The undertones of the scent are far more reminiscent of woody and earthy tones than the initial overtones, which makes it great to combine with oils like lavender, jasmine, geranium, lemon, and chamomile.

Some of the constituents of Bergamot can be phototoxic, meaning they can cause for irritation or sensitivity of your skin when it comes in contact with sunlight. Consumers should be careful to use limited quantities when applying Bergamot dermally, and should contact a physician prior to use if they have any questions or concerns regarding their own experience.

• Skin Care: Can be used to combat a variety of skin conditions including acne and insect bites.
• Respiratory Conditions: Can assist in relieving a sore throat or symptoms of tonsillitis.
• Digestive Issues: Can limit flatulence and can increase appetite.
• Immune System: Can help to boost the immune system in fighting colds, fever, flu, and other infections.
• Nervous System: Commonly applied to help ease anxiety, depression, and stress as well as uplift mood and mental stimulation.

In traditional Eastern Medicines, dried Bitter Orange was used as a digestive and to assist with bodily was excretion, as well as a high-source of vitamin C to assist with conditions like scurvy, jaundice, and sepsis.

Antidepressant, anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, bactericidal, carminative, choleretic, digestive, fungicidal, hypotensive, sedative (nervous), stimulant (digestive and lymphatic), stomachic, tonic.

A dark yellow or brownish-yellow mobile liquid with a fresh, dry, almost floral odour with a rich, sweet undertone.

Phototoxic; otherwise generally non-toxic, non-irritant and non-sensitizing. Limonene has been reported to cause contact dermatitis in some individuals.

• Skin Care: Mouth sores, mouth ulcers, and skin complexity and oil issues.
• Respiratory Conditions: Bronchitis, chills.
• Digestive System: Constipation, dyspepsia, spasm.
• Immune System: Colds, ’flu.
• Nervous System: Nervous tension and stress-related conditions.

Used for centuries in Europe in the treatment of chronic cystitis and bronchitis; also for treating piles, chronic diarrhoea and intestinal problems.

Bactericidal, balsamic, disinfectant, diuretic, expectorant, stimulant.

The oil is a pale yellow or greenish mobile liquid with a mild, sweet, balsamic-peppery odour. It blends well with cananga, ylang ylang, vanilla, jasmine, violet and other florals.

Relatively non-toxic, non-irritant, possible sensitization. Large doses cause vomiting and diarrhea.

• Respiratory Conditions: Bronchitis, chills, colds, coughs, etc.
• Digestive System: Intestinal infections, piles.
• Nervous System: Stress-related conditions like depression and anxiety.

Used since the earliest times as a medicinal and culinary herb. In Germany and Scandinavia especially, it is used with fish and cucumber, and the seeds baked in bread. In the west and east it is used as a soothing digestive aid for indigestion, wind, colic etc. especially in children.

Antispasmodic, bactericidal, carminative, digestive, emmenagogue, galactagogue, hypotensive, stimulant, stomachic.

A colourless to pale yellow mobile liquid with a light fresh warm-spicy scent.

Non-toxic, non-irritant, non-sensitizing.

• Digestive System: Colic, dyspepsia, flatulence, indigestion.

H. officinalis has an ancient medical reputation and was used for purifying sacred places, and employed as a strewing herb. It is used principally for respiratory and digestive complaints, and externally for rheumatism,bruises, sores, earache and toothache. It is also used to regulate the blood pressure, as a general nerve tonic, and for states of anxiety or hysteria. It is current in the British Herbal Pharmacopoeia as a specific for bronchitis and the common cold.

Astringent, antiseptic, antispasmodic, antiviral, bactericidal, carminative, cephalic, cicatrisant, digestive, diuretic, emmenagogue, expectorant, febrifuge, hypertensive, nervine, sedative, sudorific, tonic (heart and circulation), vermifuge, vulnerary.

A colourless to pale yellowy-green liquid with a sweet, camphoraceous top note and warm spicy-herbaceous undertone. It blends well with lavender, rosemary, myrtle, bay leaf, sage, clary sage, geranium and citrus oils.

Non-irritant, non-sensitizing; the oil is moderately toxic due to the pinocamphone content. It should be used only in moderation and avoided in pregnancy and by epileptics.

• Skin Care: Bruises, cuts, dermatitis, eczema, inflammation, wounds.
• Muscle and Joint Pain: Arthritis, fatigue, muscular aches and pains, poor circulation, rheumatism, sprains, strains etc.
• Respiratory Conditions: Catarrh, congestion, coughs, sinusitis, sore throat.
• Digestive System: Colic, indigestion.
• Immune System: Colds, ’flu.
• Nervous System: Nervous tension, neuralgia and stress-related conditions.

Lavender has been used in folk tradition for a wide variety of symptoms, ranging from stomach pain and muscle spasms to debilitating nervous disorders and hysteria.

Analgesic, anticonvulsive, antidepressant, antimicrobial, antirheumatic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, antitoxic, carminative, cholagogue, choleretic, cicatrisant, cordial, cytophylactic, deodorant, diuretic, emmenagogue, hypotensive, insecticide, nervine, parasiticide, rubefacient, sedative, stimulant, sudorific, tonic, vermifuge, vulnerary.

Lavender essential oil ranges from completely clear/pale to yellow with a sweet and floral overtone, matched with an equally soothing and inviting woody and earthy undertone. Lavender essential oil is very versatile and blends extremely well with many oils including just about every citrus or floral oil, clary sage, geranium, and patchouli.

Lavender essential oil is non-toxic, non-irritant, and non-sensitizing in nearly all consumers, with exceptions for people with allergies to Lavender.

• Muscle and Joint Care: Useful for combating the pain associated with muscle aches, rheumatism, and sprains.
• Respiratory Conditions: Lavender can be helpful in relieving the symptoms of asthma, bronchitis, laryngitis, throat infections, and whooping cough.
• Digestive Issues: Can help to ease the stress on your digestive tract caused by abdominal cramps, flatulence, and nausea.
• Immune System: Used often as a remedy for head colds and ‘flu’s
• Nervous System: Lavender essential oil is wonderful at curbing the symptoms of depression, headache, hypertension, insomnia, migraine, nervous tension, and stress-related conditions.

Lemongrass has been employed in traditional Indian culture and medicine for generations, and in medicine is usually used to curb fever and other infectious illnesses.

Analgesic, antidepressant, antimicrobial, anti-oxidant, antipyretic, antiseptic, astringent, bactericidal, carminative, deodorant, febrifuge, fungicidal, galactagogue, insecticidal, nervine, sedative (nervous), tonic.

East Indian Lemongrass essential oil has a yellow or amber appearance with fresh grassy and lemony scent, it is generally lighter in odor and color than West Indian Lemongrass. Lemongrass blends well with Lavender, Clary Sage, Ylang Ylang, and other citrusy oils.

Lemongrass is non-toxic, although there are possible dermal sensitivities for some individuals - use with care.

• Skin Care: Lemongrass essential oil can have an effect on acne, athlete’s foot, excessive perspiration, and other skin inconsistencies.
• Muscle and Joint Pain: Applied dermally in a massage oil for muscle pain, joint stiffness, poor circulation, and muscle tone.
• Digestive Issues: Can be useful in dealing with colitis, indigestion, and gastroenteritis.
• Immune System: Has been used to combat fever and other infectious disease.
• Nervous System: Can ease pain caused by headaches and hypertension, and can relieve nervous exhaustion and other stress-related conditions.

The name comes from the fruit which was a traditional gift to the Mandarins of China. In France it is regarded as a safe children’s remedy for indigestion, hiccoughs, etc, and also for the elderly since it helps strengthen the digestive function and liver.

Antiseptic, antispasmodic, carminative, digestive, diuretic (mild), laxative (mild), sedative, stimulant (digestive and lymphatic), tonic.

Mandarin oil is a yellowy-orange mobile liquid with a blue-violet hint, having an intensely sweet, almost floral citrus scent. It blends well with other citrus oils, especially neroli, and spice oils such as nutmeg, cinnamon and clove. Tangerine oil is an orange mobile liquid with a fresh, sweet, orangelike aroma. It has less body than mandarin and is little used in perfumery work.

Non-toxic, non-irritant, non-sensitizing. Possibly phototoxic, although it has not been demonstrated decisively.

• Skin Care: Acne, congested and oily skin, scars, spots, stretch marks, toner.
• Muscle and Joint Pain: Fluid retention, obesity.
• Digestive System: Digestive problems, dyspepsia, hiccoughs, intestinal problems.
• Nervous System: Insomnia, nervous tension, restlessness. It is often used for children and pregnant women and is recommended in synergistic combinations with other citrus oils.

It is purported that mint has been cultivated for thousands of years, as far back as Ancient China and Japan, as well as Ancient Egypt - in which those cultures often used mint for a variety of ailments including indigestion, cold, and headaches.

Analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiphlogistic, antipruritic, antiseptic, antispasmodic, antiviral, astringent, carminative, cephalic, cholagogue, cordial, emmenagogue, expectorant, febrifuge, hepatic, nervine, stomachic, sudorific, vasoconstrictor, vermifuge.

Peppermint essential oil is pale yellow or green in color with a very strong and penetrating grassy/minty odor. It blends very well with rosemary, lavender, marjoram, lemon, eucalyptus, and other mint oils.

Peppermint oil is virtually non-toxic and non-irritant, however, it can cause sensitivities on the skin if used dermally and in concentration form.

• Skin Care: Peppermint oil has been used for acne, dermatitis, ringworm, and aching teeth and gums.
• Muscle and Joint Pain: Commonly employed to combat the pain associated with arthritis and neuralgia.
• Respiratory Conditions: Can be very effective as an expectorant - relieving congestion associated with asthma, bronchitis, sinusitis, spasmodic cough, and other head cold related symptoms.
• Digestive Issues: Arguably the most effective use of Peppermint essential oil, it can help to rid the stomach of cramps, flatulence, and nausea.
• Immune System: Helps fight the symptoms of Colds, ‘flu, and fevers.
• Nervous System: Can assist in addressing headaches, mental fatigue, migraine, nervous stress, and vertigo.

At one time the oil used to be extracted from the green unripe oranges when they were still the size of a cherry – hence the name petitgrain or ‘little grains’. One of the classic ingredients of eau-de-cologne.

Antiseptic, antispasmodic, deodorant, digestive, nervine, stimulant (digestive, nervous), stomachic, tonic.

A pale yellow to amber liquid with a fresh-floral citrus scent and a woody- herbaceous undertone. It blends well with rosemary, lavender, geranium, bergamot, bitter orange, orange blossom, labdanum, oakmoss, clary sage, jasmine, benzoin, palmarosa, clove and balsams.

Non-toxic, non-irritant, non-sensitizing, non-phototoxic.

• Skin Care: Acne, excessive perspiration, greasy skin and hair, toning.
• Digestive System: Dyspepsia, flatulence.
• Nervous System: Convalescence, insomnia, nervous exhaustion and stress-related conditions.

A highly versatile herb, Sweet Marjoram has been used in both cooking and folk remedies since the times of Ancient Greece, particularly for muscle and joint pain, respiratory issues, immune system deficiencies, and digestive concerns.

Analgesic, anaphrodisiac, anti-oxidant, antiseptic, antispasmodic, antiviral, bactericidal, carminative, cephalic, cordial, diaphoretic, digestive, diuretic, emmenagogue, expectorant, fungicidal, hypotensive, laxative, nervine, sedative, stomachic, tonic, vasodilator, vulnerary.

Sweet Marjoram essential oil is pale yellow or amber colored and has a warm, woody, and camphoraceous odor. It blends very well with lavender, rosemary, bergamot, chamomile, tea tree, and eucalyptus.

Sweet Marjoram essential oil is virtually non-toxic, but it is recommended to suspend usage while pregnant or breastfeeding.

• Skin Care: Helpful in reducing pain from bruising and effective in repelling insects.
• Muscle and Joint Pain: Used frequently to address arthritis, muscular aches and stiffness, rheumatism, sprains, and strains.
• Respiratory Conditions: Commonly used to combat asthma, bronchitis, and cough.
• Digestive Issues: Can be employed to relieve digestive problems including constipation, dyspepsia, and flatulence.
• Immune System: Powerful in combating the symptoms of cold.
• Nervous System: Can relieve pain related to headache, hypertension, migraine, nervous tension, and can assist in combating insomnia and other stress-related conditions.

Thyme is derived from the Greek word thymos that means 'perfume'. It was used in herbal medicines by the ancient Greeks, Egyptians and Romans, as incense in Greek temples, and in embalming by the Egyptians. During the Middle Ages it was given to jousting knights for courage, and a sprig of thyme was later carried into courtrooms to ward off diseases

Positivant, anti-infectious, immunomodulant, general tonic, uterotonic, anti-asthenic, aphrodisiac.

Clear liquid with a yellow-orange color and a powerful and typical aroma. Strong and spicy.

May cause skin irritation in some individuals; a skin test is recommended prior to use. Contact with eyes should be avoided, and must be diluted well before use.

• Skin Care: Astringent, sores.
• Muscle and Joint Pain: Arthritis, muscular aches and stiffness, rheumatism, sprains, strains.
• Immune System: Colds.
• Nervous System: Headache, migraine, nervous tension and stress-related conditions.

This herb has been highly esteemed since medieval times, and used to be called ‘all heal’. It has been used in the West for a variety of complaints, especially where there is nervous tension or restlessness, such as insomnia, migraine, dysmenorrhoea, intestinal colic, rheumatism, and as a pain reliever. On the Continent the oil has been used for cholera, epilepsy and for skin complaints. In China it is used for backache, colds, menstrual problems, bruises and sores.

Anodyne, anti-dandruff, diuretic, antispasmodic, bactericidal, carminative, depressant of the central nervous system, hypnotic, hypotensive, regulator, sedative, stomachic.

An olive to brown liquid (darkening with age) with a warm-woody, balsamic, musky odour; a green topnote in fresh oils.

Non-toxic, non-irritant, possible sensitization. Use in moderation.

• Skin Care: Allergies, inflammation, mature skin (rejuvenating), rashes, etc.
• Nervous System: Insomnia, nervous indigestion, migraine, restlessness and tension states.

Historically, Ylang Ylang has been used as a piece of symbolism in marriage ceremonies, but it’s also been used as a symptomatic remedy for a variety of conditions like depression, anxiety, colds, ‘flu, and other infections inside and out.

Aphrodisiac, antidepressant, anti-infectious, antiseborrhoeic, antiseptic, euphoric, hypotensive, nervine, regulator, sedative (nervous), stimulant (circulatory), tonic.

Ylang Ylang essential oil is pale yellow in color, with a far more oily texture than other oils. The scent is tantalizingly sweet, soft, and floral, while the undertones are slightly spicy. While it’s an awesome perfume in its own right, it combines wonderfully with jasmine, bergamot, rose, and many other oils like lavender and frankincense.

Due to its strong scent, use Ylang Ylang sparingly to avoid headache or nausea, otherwise, Ylang Ylang is entirely non-toxic and non-irritant.

• Skin Care: Acne, insect bites, irritated skin, and other general skin care practice.
• Muscle and Joint Pain: Can increase circulation to the muscles and joints, relieving pain.
• Nervous System: Can be very effective in fighting depression, impotence, insomnia, nervous tension, and other nervous system disorders.